California DMV written (knowledge) test 2026: passing score, attempts, languages, online testing and how to study
Osmanth editorial team Published Last reviewed About 6 min read “How many questions are on the California DMV test?” and “Can I take it in my language?” are the two most common questions from newcomers. Here is what the California DMV actually publishes, and where it does not publish a number, we say so rather than guess.
- Multiple choice; 80% to pass. You have 3 attempts; fail three times and you start a new application.
- The DMV does not currently publish the number of questions. The last official figure is a 2006 research report: 36 questions for adults, 46 for under-18s.
- The online test is offered in 35 languages, on a computer with a webcam (no tablets or phones), Monday–Friday 8 a.m.–4 p.m.
- Class C original application fee: $46; the application is valid for 12 months.
- With a foreign license you cannot simply exchange it: you take the knowledge test and a drive test.
1. Passing score and attempts
The DMV’s Learner’s Permits page says the knowledge test is multiple choice and the passing score is 80%. In-office tests must be started before 4:30 p.m. If you fail, study and retry; under-18 applicants wait one week. After three failed attempts you must begin the application again and pay a new fee.
The DMV does not list the number of questions on its current pages. The widely quoted “36 questions, 6 mistakes allowed” comes from DMV research report S2-221 (2006): 36 questions for adults, 46 for minors. The current test may differ, so prepare for 80% of whatever appears on your screen.
2. Languages and online testing
According to the DMV, the online knowledge test is offered in 35 languages to people with an internet-connected desktop or laptop with a webcam. It runs 8 a.m.–4 p.m., Monday–Friday, except state holidays; tablets and phones are not allowed. You verify your identity and agree to be monitored. You can attempt it online twice; after two fails, the third attempt is at a DMV office. Online and office tests draw from the same question pool, all based on the California Driver’s Handbook, which the DMV publishes in several languages.
Even after passing online, you usually still visit an office to finish your documents, photo, thumbprint and vision test.
Free DMV practice test (328 questions) Our own original questions written from the California Driver Handbook. Signs, right-of-way and following-distance rules carry over to most states; check your state handbook for state-specific numbers.3. From application to permit
- Start the driver’s license application online, then book an office visit.
- Bring proof of identity (original or certified copy), proof of California residency, and your SSN if you are eligible for one (the handbook notes exceptions). Pay the $46 Class C fee.
- At the office: thumbprint, vision exam, photo, then the knowledge test. You may not use the handbook or a phone during the test.
- Pass it and you receive an instruction permit. You must practice with a licensed driver aged 18+ beside you.
4. Moving with a foreign license
Visitors 18+ may drive in California on a valid home-country license. Once you become a resident (for example, by voting in a California election, paying resident tuition or claiming a homeowner’s property-tax exemption), you must get a California license within 10 days. A foreign license is not exchanged: you take the knowledge test and the drive test, and you need an accompanying licensed driver to and from the drive test.
5. How to study efficiently
- Read the handbook first; every question comes from it.
- Take the DMV’s official sample tests, which are updated from time to time.
- Drill the areas people mix up: speed limits, right-of-way, parking rules, and alcohol and drug laws.
- Do one timed full practice test at the 80% standard before test day.
6. After the permit
Book the drive test and bring proof of insurance and the car’s registration that day. A paper interim license is not accepted by TSA as ID for flights, so carry your passport until the plastic card arrives. For insurance without a US driving record, see Car insurance for new drivers in California; for the whole process see the California driver’s license checklist.
Frequently asked questions
How many questions are on the California DMV written test?
The DMV does not currently publish the number. The last official figure (DMV research report, 2006) was 36 questions for adults and 46 for applicants under 18. You need 80% to pass.
Can I take the California DMV test online?
Yes, on a desktop or laptop with a webcam, Monday to Friday 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. You get two online attempts; the third must be at a DMV office.
What languages is the California knowledge test offered in?
The DMV says the online knowledge test is offered in 35 languages. Check the language list when you start your application.
Can I exchange my foreign driver license in California?
No. Holders of a foreign license take the knowledge test and a drive test. Visitors may drive on a valid home license, but residents must get a California license within 10 days.
Official sources
- California DMV: Learner’s Permits
- California DMV: Driver’s Licenses
- California DMV: More Californians Fulfilling DMV Testing Requirement Online
- California Driver’s Handbook: The Testing Process
- California DMV: Fast Facts FFDL 5
- California DMV: Licensing Fees
- California DMV: Sample Knowledge Tests
- California DMV research report S2-221 (2006)
- TSA: Acceptable IDs
Last reviewed 2026-11-01 (rules checked against the official pages above on that date; fees are left to the official pages unless verified).
Disclaimer: This is general information compiled from public official sources. It is not legal, immigration, tax or insurance advice and does not cover any individual case. Rules and fees change; the linked official pages are what count. Some links on this site may be affiliate links; see our affiliate disclosure.